The Toyota 2L-T is a 2.4 L (2,446 cc, 149.3 cu·in) four cylinders, four-stroke cycle water-cooled turbocharged internal combustion diesel engine, manufactured by the Toyota Motor Corporation.
The 2L-T is a turbo version of the 2L still being produced since 1985. The 2L-T engine has a cast iron cylinder block with 92.0 mm (3.62 in) cylinder bores and a 92.0 mm (3.62 in) piston stroke. Compression ratio rating was 20:1. The motor has a cast iron cylinder head with a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) with two valves per cylinder and indirect injection design.
Later version the 2L-T II is an upgrade of the 2L-T. The cylinder bore and the piston stroke remains the same. The most significant change is that the camshaft lifts the valve directly via tappet instead of a rocker arm. The valve clearance is adjusted using shims.
The Toyota 2L-T produced from 86 PS (63 kW; 85 HP) at 4,000 rpm to 91 PS (67 kW; 90 HP) at 4,000 rpm of maximum horsepower and 188 N·m (19.2 kg·m, 138.6 ft·lb) at 2,200 rpm of maximum torque. The 2L-T II modification produced 94 PS (69 kW, 93 HP) at 4,000 rpm and 216 N·m (22 kg⋅m, 159 ft·lb) at 2,400 rpm.
The breakdown of the engine code is as follows:
- 2 – 2nd generation engine
- L – Engine family
- T – Turbocharged
General information
| Engine Specifications | |
| Engine code | 2L-T |
| Layout | Straight-4, vertical |
| Fuel type | Diesel |
| Production | – |
| Displacement | 2.4 L, 2,446 cm3 (149.3 cu in) |
| Injection pump | Mechanical |
| Power adder | Turbocharge |
| Horsepower net | From 86 PS (63 kW; 85 HP) at 4,000 rpm to 91 PS (67 kW; 90 HP) at 4,000 rpm |
| Torque output | 188 N·m (19.2 kg·m, 138.6 ft·lb) at 2,200 rpm |
| Firing (injection) order | 1-3-4-2 |
| Dimensions (L x H x W): | – |
| Weight | |
Cylinder block
The cylinder block is made of cast iron. The crankshaft is supported by five bearings on the inside of the crankcase. The crankshaft bearings are made of aluminum alloy. The crankshaft is integrated with balance weights which are cast along with it for balance.
The cylinder bore is 92.0 mm (3.62 in), piston stroke is 92.0 mm (3.62 in) and compression ratio rating is 20:1.
| Cylinder block | ||
| Cylinder block alloy | Cast iron | |
| Compression ratio: | 20:1 | |
| Cylinder bore: | 92.0 mm (3.62 in) | |
| Piston stroke: | 92.0 mm (3.62 in) | |
| Number of piston rings (compression / oil): | 2 / 1 | |
| Number of main bearings: | 5 | |
| Cylinder bore inner diameter: | 92.000-92.010 mm (3.622-3.6224 in) | |
| Piston skirt diameter | 91.940-91.950 mm (3.6197-3.6201 in) | |
| Piston ring groove clearance: | First | 0.028-0.077 mm (0.0011-0.003 in) |
| Second | 0.070-0.115 mm (0.0028-0.0045 in) | |
| Oil | 0.030-0.070 mm (0.0012-0.0028 in) | |
| Piston ring end gap: | First | 0.350-0.620 mm (0.0138-0.0244 in)) |
| Second | 0.200-0.470 mm (0.0079-0.0185 in) | |
| Oil | 0.200-0.520 mm (0.0079-0.0205 in) | |
| Connecting rod big end diameter (standard): | 58.004-58.024 mm (2.2836-2.2844 in) | |
| Piston pin outer diameter | 29.000-29.012 mm (1.1417-1.1422 in) | |
| Connecting rod small end diameter (standard) | 29.008-29.020 mm (1.142-1.1425 in) | |
| Crankshaft main journal diameter: | 61.985-62.000 mm (2.4403-2.4409 in) | |
| Crankpin diameter: | 52.988-53.000 mm (2.0861-2.0866 in) | |
Cylinder head (2L-T II specs)
| Cylinder head | |
| Cylinder head alloy | Cast iron |
| Valve Arrangement: | SOHC |
| Valves: | 8 (2 valves per cylinder) |
| Intake valves diameter: | – |
| Exhaust valves diameter: | – |
| Intake valves length: | 103.29-103.69 mm (4.0665-4.0823 in) |
| Exhaust valves length: | 103.14-103.54 mm (4.0606-4.0764 in) |
| Intake valve stem diameter: | 7.975-7.990 mm (0.314-0.3146 in |
| Exhaust valves stem diameter: | 7.960-7.975 mm (0.3134-0.314 in) |
| Camshaft journal diameter: | 1st: 34.969-34.985 mm (1.3767-1.3774 in) Others: 27.969-27.985 mm (1.1011-1.1018 in) |
| Camshaft lobe height (intake): | 53.850-53.870 mm (2.1201-2.1209 in) |
| Camshaft lobe height (exhaust): | 54.990-55.010 mm (2.165-2.1657 in) |
Head tightening procedure and torque specs:
- Step 1: 78 Nm; 8.0 kg·m; 58 ft·lb
- Step 2: Turn all bolts 90°
- Step 3: Turn all bolts 90°
Camshaft bearing cap
- 25 Nm; 2.5 kg·m; 18 ft·lb
Maintenance data
| Valve clearance (Cold) | |
| Intake valve | 0.20-0.30 mm (0.0079-0.0118 in) |
| Exhaust valve | 0.40-0.50 mm (0.0157-0.0197 in) |
| Compression pressure | |
| Standard | 31.0 kg/m2 / 250 rpm |
| Minimun | 20.0 kg/m2 / 250 rpm |
| Compression differential limit between cylinders | 5.0 kg/m2 / 250 rpm |
| Oil system | |
| Recommended engine oil | 10W-30 or 10W-40 (CF, CE or CD) |
| Engine oil capacity | 2WD: With oil filter change: 6.0 l (6.3 US qts, 5.3 Imp.qts) Without oil filter change: 5.1 l (5.2 US qts, 4.5 Imp.qts) 4WD: With oil filter change: 6.5 l (6.9 US qts, 5.7 Imp.qts) Without oil filter change: 5.7 l (6.0 US qts, 5.0 Imp.qts) |
| Fuel system | |
| Nozzle opening pressure: | New: 14,810-15,590 kPa (151-159 kg/cm2, 2,148-2,262 psi) Reused: 14,220-15,200 kPa (145-155 kg/cm2, 2,062-2,205 psi) |
Vehicle applications
| Model | Years Produced |
| Toyota Mark II | – |
| Toyota Chaser | – |
| Toyota Cresta | – |
| Toyota Crown | – |
| Toyota Hilux | – |
| Toyota Land Cruiser (70 Series) | – |
| Toyota Blizzard LD20 | 1984–1990 |
| Metrocab TTT | 2000–2006 |
Author:
“Nozzle opening pressure: New: 14,810-15,590 kPa (151-159 kg/cm2, 2,148-2,262 psi)
Reused: 14,220-15,200 kPa (145-155 kg/cm2, 2,062-2,205) ”
isn’t correct.
for the 2L-T engine the nozzle pressure is about 1500 PSI, as described at the Workshop manual.
Thanks for sharing this